How The 2008 Election Affected African American History

From 1968 to 2008, this forty-year period starts with what is considered to be one of the darkest moments in African American history and ends with the ultimate triumph and fulfilment of a dream. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who was the spiritual and political leader of the Civil Rights Movement, was gunned down and assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, TN (History.com). Those responsible assumed that this senseless act of violence would thwart and quell the efforts of African Americans in the quest for equality in the United States of America, however, this deed cemented the pursuit and determination of African Americans and many others to bring Dr. King’s dream to fruition. On November 4, 2008, the United States of American elected its first African American President, Barack Hussein Obama, as the nation’s forty-fourth president (ipl2). This week’s assignment is to write an essay on how the 2008 election affected African American History in America and contrast the essay ideas with the history of the tragic assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The election of President Obama marks the most noteworthy political accomplishment for African Americans in the United States during the post-civil rights revolution, thus bringing about a change in the country’s social and political landscape that was steeped in racial discrimination since the founding of this great nation. Because social and political conditions are subject to constant change, President Obama’sShow MoreRelatedThe Medi A Very Important Role Of Today s Society865 Words   |  4 Pagessuggests how Barack Obama grew as a global super celebrity by using media spectacle. He argues how Barack Obama’s media techniques led the campaign in his favour in the United States’ presidential election of 2008 (Kellner, 2009). With much publication, broadcasting and advertising resources, Barack Obama was able to attract supporters through his culture a nd race. The first democratic spectacle was that of Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton. In the first time in history, an African-American candidateRead MoreArticle Summary : Barack Obama And Celebrity Spectacle884 Words   |  4 Pagessuggests how Barack Obama grew as a global super celebrity by using media spectacle. He argues how Barack Obama’s media techniques led the campaign in his favour in the United States’ presidential election of 2008 (Kellner, 2009). With much publication, broadcasting and advertising resources, Barack Obama was able to attract supporters through his culture and race. The first democratic spectacle was that of Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton. In the first time in history, there had been an African AmericanRead MoreRace Relations And The Civil Rights Movement924 Words   |  4 Pagesthe 1800’s the white majority used the African-American minority as salves. The African-Americans were not treated like people but rather livestock because of of ho w they worked and were traded. Slowly over time the race relation between whites and African-Americans progressed. It wasn’t until the late 1900s that African-Americans finally gained the ability to vote in the country they have fought for and lived in for many decades. Today in modern American, even after the Civil Rights movement, manyRead MoreRace And American Culture : The Problem Of Race1338 Words   |  6 Pagesproblem of race in American culture. The history and the effects of race, and analyzes why people think about race as a problem in American culture and why it has to be addressed. The issue of race is a vice that existed in America since the slave and colonial era. It resulted into the practice of racial discrimination in which White Americans had more legal privileges than Asian Americans, African Americans, Latin Americans, and Native Americans. Legally, European Americans had more privilegesRead MoreAfrican Americans : A Racially Equal Society1613 Words   |  7 PagesAndrea Collins August 29, 2016 A racially equal society is one whereby individuals are not likely or more likely to receive certain benefits given that they belong to a particular racial group. This would be an ideal society given that the current American society is characterized by institutional and systemic racism. Institutional racism can be defined as institutional practices and other aspects of government such as policymaking, cultural representation and so forth that enforce racial inequalityRead MoreThe Achievements Of Theodore Roosevelt1590 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the most important people in American history is Theodore Roosevelt. He is considered to be one of the most efficient and successful presidents to ever hold office. The achievements that he accomplished during his life will most likely never be equaled. He went from being a husband and father to being a soldier to becoming president of the United States. Along with contributing to his time period, his legacy continued and went on to influen ce other great presidents. Roosevelt also helped societyRead MoreWhat Caused The American Civil War1634 Words   |  7 PagesWhat caused the American Civil War from 1861 to 1865? There has been several different debates and disputes about the causes of the American Civil War. Historians have stated slavery was the primary cause of the American Civil War, while other historians have argued there were other causes and effects in conjunction with slavery. Research has shown all historians did agree upon the division between the North, known as the Union, and the South, known as the Confederacy, battled on the soil of theRead MoreThe Benefits of a Multicultural America1460 Words   |  6 Pagesovercome obstacles including being treated as second class citizens. Multiculturalism has existed throughout the history of America. People have migrated for thousands of years moving into different habitats and spreading their influences over one another. David Burgos a writer for adage, a we bsite that specialize in advertising states, â€Å"I bet most of you thought about Blacks or African Americans and Hispanics. Probably some of you mentioned Asians too, and maybe a few even associated it with non-race-Read MoreMandel A Symbol For Justice, Equality, And Dignity1736 Words   |  7 Pagescause, and even spent decades in prison. In this paper, I will argue the relevance of Mandela’s passion and how individuals in todays society can learn from his activism. Mandela was born and raised in South Africa, which was a country that, up until 1994, was full of racial oppression and apartheid. Much like the Jim Crow laws in America, apartheid affected the lives of many African Americans and other people of color. At this time in South Africa, people of color were only allowed access to certainRead MoreThe Issue Of Political Participation1928 Words   |  8 Pageseveryone should be invested in political matters and actively engaged in political participation. Among the easiest ways to get involved politically is through the voting process and elections, others are symbolic participation, civil society participation, protesting, marching, contacting public officials, being part of election campaigns and even running for office. While voting is among the easiest ways to be a part of this democracy, the turnout is low. The right to vote has opened up to a larger number

Plato’s Ideal City Free Essays

The Ideal City In Plato’s book â€Å"Republic† he describes what he thinks would be an ideal city, for this city to be ideal it would have to be just. In his just city there are three classes of people; gold, silver, and bronze/iron; known as the National Division of Labor. The guardians of the city are placed in the gold category, the auxiliaries in the silver, and the farmers and craftsmen are in the bronze/iron category. We will write a custom essay sample on Plato’s Ideal City or any similar topic only for you Order Now Plato argues that the National Division of Labor reflects the requirements of nature and produces a harmonious whole. Wisdom, courage, moderation, and justice are the four virtues that this ideal city must have to be just. The guardians, also known as philosopher kings, being in the gold class of the city, are wise, knowledgeable, and most importantly they are philosophers. They enjoy learning about forms and think that anything else won’t bring somebody happiness. They believe that forms are the highest level of happiness and that by learning about and understanding forms brings knowledge. To be a guardian they must be ruled by their reason and not let spirit or appetites take over. They are responsible for ruling the city. Guardians are not allowed to make any money or have a job outside of guardianship nor are they able to own anything. At childhood they start an extensive amount of study in music, poetry, and physical training. The study of these subjects develops harmony between them and is said to be good for the soul. Plato argues that â€Å"a good soul by its own virtue makes the body as good as possible† (403d). In the silver class of the city are the auxiliaries, or in other words the warriors. These people have to be courageous; they are responsible for protecting the city and keeping everything at peace. They love victory and honor and go through massive physical training to be strong for battle and enforce the laws of the guardians. Instead of focusing on forms, like the guardians, auxiliaries put their focus towards particulars. That is essential in the job that they have because they need to understand what particulars are and how they operate to be able to fight. If they the people in the silver class flourish and thrive in their jobs, then they will experience happiness. Just like the lives of the guardians, the lives of the auxiliaries are completely controlled; they all live in the same place and don’t have any privacy, they all eat the same thing and have their schedule planned out for them and they’re not allowed to own anything. They’re not allowed to make any money or have anything that isn’t needed to be a warrior. Basically, the auxiliaries don’t have lives other than training. The farmers and craftsmen are considered to be in the bronze/iron category, they are the producers of the city. Unlike the guardians and auxiliaries, they tend to be ruled by their appetites other than reason and spirit. The farmers and craftsmen seem to focus more on belief and opinion other than the forms or particulars. They have more creativity than the guardians and auxiliaries which was highly despised of by Plato. Plato believed that imagination was nothingness and ignorance; he did not think that it helped you flourish or thrive in any way. He said that a thing such as art and imagination only brought pleasure and not knowledge, which he said wasn’t happiness. Even if you were and artist and you flourished and thrived in that area you still weren’t considered to be happy because you don’t know anything about the forms and art is projected as ignorance. They are able to have jobs, make money, buy and sell property, and own whatever they want. Farmers and craftsmen are considered free people compared to guardians and auxiliaries, they only have to follow certain rules obtained by the guardians. The city wouldn’t be able to exist without the bronze/iron category; the farmers and craftsmen grow all the food and make every product that is needed. If I had to choose which category I would like to be in I would choose the bronze/iron category. I wouldn’t prefer to be in the gold or silver category because I wouldn’t want my life completely controlled and not be able to have any privacy. Having my life all about the rest of the city and having my life planned out isn’t something that I would enjoy, I would want to make my own decisions and not having them made for me. Sure you could say that that is selfish and unjust but that is what would truly make me happy. Plato says that to truly be happy that you have to flourish and thrive as opposed having pleasure. I think that if I was in the bronze/iron class that I would flourish and thrive because in that class I have more opportunities to succeed in different areas of life. In the bronze/iron class you are able to live your own life, the life you want to live instead of being told what to do and how to live every day. In this ideal and just city, everyone: the guardians, auxiliaries, and farmers and craftsmen, have to do their own task, otherwise it wouldn’t be just. The people in these three classes all have to flourish and thrive in whichever class they are in. The guardians can’t do the job of the auxiliaries or the farmers and craftsmen, the auxiliaries can’t do the job of the guardians or farmers and craftsmen, and the farmers and craftsmen can’t do the job of the guardians or auxiliaries. If everything works out the way that Plato plans, then this ideal and just city would be the perfect utopia. How to cite Plato’s Ideal City, Papers

Ap American History Presidents Charts Essay Example For Students

Ap American History Presidents Charts Essay Neutrality Proclamation President made proclamation-the LIST stays neutral in conflict between France and Great Britain- as to not go to war Citizen Genet Edmond-Charles Genet- French ambassador to IIS during French revolution Tensions with Britain and Jars treaty 1796 Treaty between IIS and Great Britain- Credited with averting war increased trade between countries Tensions With Spain- Pinkeyes Treaty 1796 Established friendship bet,even LIST and Spain- Defined boundaries with navigation rights on the Mississippi River Spanish colonies- Guaranteed for US Problems with Indians. Battle of Fallen Timbers 1794 of Greenville 1795 final battle in the NW Indian LIST for control of NW Territory. War. Struggle between American Indians and Victory for US Precedents that Washington set for the presidency I-Neutrality in Foreign Affairs 2- 2-Term Presidency 3- use of force to enforce the lava (Hickey Rebellion) 4- Calling in the Cabinet tort Advice S- How to address president Mr.. Resident 6-inauguration 7- inaugural speech Parallel address Written to The People of the Lignite States venue he resigned after 2nd term Adams (1796 1801) Problems with France France seizing US ships- Adams tried to resolve by ending diplomats to talk to French foreign affairs director EX. affair event that strained relations between France and LIST. Lead to Quasar- French agents continue peace negotiations demanded major concessions from US to Quasi War with France (1798-1800)Undeclared Naval war (fought by sea mostly) between France and US Alien and Alien Enemies Act Alien Act- deports a liens dangerous to peace camp; safety of LIST. during peacetime Alien Enemies Act- allowed in wartime arrest, imprisonment deportation of aliens to enemy powers Sedition Act any treasonable act, high misdemeanors and punishable by fine ND imprisonment Naturalization Acts requires aliens to be residents for 14 hrs instead of 5 hrs before eligible for LIST citizenship Reaction of Republicans- Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Republicans said Alien/Sedition act was unconstitutional acts by congress Constitution unconstitutional. States had right to declare that were not authorized by Gabrielle Rebellion (1800)Gabriel Overrepresented blacksmith Who was going to lead rebellion in VA- never happened, info leaked, Gabriel and 25 others hanged. Election of 1800 UP Thomas Jefferson defeated incumbent John Adams- Ushered Democratic/Republican rule and Federalist party removed Midnight Judges effort to resolve issue with Judgesriding the circuit, Separated Supreme Court from Circuit Court judges Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809) Election of revolution of 1800 UP Thomas Jefferson defeated incumbent John Adams- Ushered in democratic/Republican rule and federalist party removed Twelfth Amendment procedure for electing President and Vice President- established how Electoral College functions Louisiana Purchase (1803) US acquired 828,800 sq acres of land from Prance territory- Jefferson received opposition to decision to purchase- did anyway due to uneasy feeling that Prance/Spain would have power to lock trade Lewis ; Clark and Zebu Pikes Expeditions (1804-1806) expeditions to find waterways across continent Lewis ; Clark- 1st US expedition to Pacific Coast Zebu Pike. Expedition to SW area of US Hamilton-Burr Duel (1804) Alexander Hami lton ; Sitting UP Aaron Burr. Burr fatally shot Hamilton- Longstanding disagreements political and personal Burr Conspiracy and trial (1807)Burr with co-conspirators wanted to create independent nation in N Tara land in Texas- Tried for America/Mexico area to take possession of treason Supreme Court cases of Marshall court in the Jefferson earache Marshall, Chief Justice, wrote opinions based on Constitutional laws- promoted nationalism and helped make Supreme Court overrule Congress center of Power- right to Conflict With the Barbara Pirates, Translation War (1801-1805) 1st Of 2 wars between LIST and African Barber Muslim merchant ships, enslaving crews states- Pirate ships capture Chesapeake-leopard incident (1807) British warship Leopard attacked and boarded LIST Chesapeake- British deserted and joined crew of Chesapeake. British ship searched for ship and recover the deserters Embargo Act (1807) American Laws restricting American ships from engaging in reign trade Non-loungers act (1809)4 days left of Jefferson presidency- replaced Embargo Act with this- lifted all embargos on American ships except those headed for Britain or French ports James Madison (1809-1817) Hitcher v Peck (1810) Supreme court ruled a state law unconstitutional- helped to create precedent for sanctity of contracts- hinted the Native Americans did not hold title to their lands Outcomes and Tippecanoe (1811) a pre-emotive strike against the Headquarters of the confederacy by Merchandising- Harridans army was attached by the Indians,but the Indians ran out of ammo Nutrition and Food in Popular Culture Health Nutri EssayIncentive to keep working for party Kitchen Cabinet collection Of unofficial advisors he consulted in parallel to US Cabinet- Jackson moved 5 of 8 cabinet members and replaced them With his own supporters Else of Veto he used to expand the power of the executive branch-could control part of Legislative branch and get done what he wanted done Whig Party Formed in opposition to Andrew Jackson and democratic party- Whig supported Congress over Presidency Indian Removal Act Native American Indians were removed from their lands, supposedly voluntarily, great pressure put on them to leave Cherokee Nation v Georgia (1831) Cherokee Nation sought federal injunction against laws passed by Georgia boundaries depriving them rights within its Worcester v Georgia (1832)LOS Supreme Court overturned the conviction of Samuel Worcester- Georgians criminal statute, prohibiting non-landing from being present on Indian lands oviduct a license is Seminole War 3 conflicts in Florida between Seminole Indians and US Army- started with Jacksons attack on Negro Port Nullification Crisis ordinance declared the Federal Tariff Of 1 828/1832 were unconstitutional and null,wood within South Carolina Tariff of Abominations (1828- before Asss presidency)early days in history,support for tariffs on imported goods, compete- after war of thought tot help American Industry top 812, British flooded w cheaper goods South Carolinas Nullification artificialness of 1828/1832 were null/void within the state of South Carolina Webster-Haynes Debate Daniel Webster (Massachusetts) and Robert Haynes (SC)- debate over temporary suspension of land sure. Keying until land already on market was sold Compromise Tariffs of 1832 and 1833 1832- protectionist tariff / reduced tariffs to remedy conflict of 1828 1833-gradually reduced tariffs over next decade The Force Bill (1833) congress put heavy tariffs on imports and raw materials- promoting domestic manufacturing- Act gave Presidency authority to SE military power to enforce laws Clays, Webster, and Fiddles effort to recharged the Bank They wanted to re- charter bank to force Jackson to take clear stand (for reelection) on pro-bank or anti-bank. Jackson vetoed Veto of the Second Bank of the US (1832) Vetoed- Ordered Treasury Secretary to divert Federal revenues from the banks) Bank to selected state banks (pet Removal of deposits and distribution to pet banks (1833) Fiddle (Pres of bank) responded to Jacksons actions by debts reducing loans and calling in Censure of Jackson 1st president to be censured- Congressional procedure for pyramiding President, Congress or Judges. Must give up chairs they hold, but not elected offices Massively Road Veto (1830) vetoed bill allowing Federal Government to purchase stock in Massively Road which had been hired to construct road Petty Eaton Affair Involved Andrew Jackson cabinet members ; wives- She had affair w/John Eaton while husband was out to sea. When he found out, he committed suicide. Affair with Andrew Jackson She remarried John Eaton. Then had Distribution of the surplus (1836)Distribution of 30-35 million from US Treasury to State banks on basis Of each States representation in Congress Specie Circular (1836) Required payment for Government land to be paid in gold or silver Charles River Bridge Co v Warren Bridge Co (1837) South Carolina settled dispute over constitutional clause separate companies hired by bridge Martin van Burden (1837-1841) regarding obligation of contract. 2 2 separate states commissioned to build Panic of 1837 end of 2nd bank produced runaway inflation-banks started receiving payment in gold and silver only- forcing dramatic deflation backlash Commonwealth v Hunt labor unions attempted to close or create a unionized workplace could be charged with conspiracy. Ruling HTH unions were legal organizations and had right to strike Trail of Tears (1832) relocation ; movement of Native American Nations from SE parts Of US The Texas Question: Should the US annex Texas? Issue not With Texas, but slavery.

Man Sized Job Essays - Sharlot Hall, British Poetry,

Man Sized Job Man-Sized Job was written by Sharlot Hall (1870-1943). It is a poem that defines a woman's work from a man's point of view. Poems like this were uncommon in the late 1800's ? early 1900's, especially if women wrote them. The two aspects of this poem that I would like to analyze are the vocabulary used and the male chauvinistic point-of-view. If it weren't for these two exaggerated aspects, the poem would not have as strong of a meaning. The vocabulary used in this poem is far form proper. It is an exaggeration used to make men sound less intelligent than they think they are. Sharlot Hall wants men to sound less intelligent in this poem because the poem is from a man's point of view on what a woman's work should be. It is obvious to anyone that reads this poem that Hall is completely disagrees with the typical male point of view on what women should and should not do. Another reason for the language that is used is to make the men sound uneducated. Hall is hinting to her audience that women are actually smarter than men. Although she is taking a playful shot at men, the way she goes about it makes this poem enjoyable for both sexes. The chauvinistic point-of-view in this poem is obvious. It is greatly exaggerated so that Hall can get her point across to her audience clearly. She also uses it to get the audience on her side of the issue. This is a powerful tool that can be used. When someone reads a poem and they take they authors point-of-view on a subject, the poem becomes that much more interesting. This adds to the entertainment value of the poem. After all, the purpose of a poem should be to entertain and catch the interest of an audience. Hall uses this technique to her advantage. Her use of the chauvinistic point-of-view is probably the key to this poem being great. The two aspects of this poem that I analyzed in this paper were essential to the success of this poem. Both the vocabulary used by Hall and the male chauvinistic point-of-view expressed were essential in getting her point across to her audience. Although both tools were exaggerated dramatically, it was necessary for the reason behind the poem. In my opinion, this poem was written for one reason. This reason is to simply make fun of men and their attitudes. Hall did an excellent job. Poetry Essays

Easy and Completely Edible Slime Recipe

Easy and Completely Edible Slime Recipe Most slime recipes are non-toxic, but there are only a few you can eat and none that taste as good as this one! Heres how to make edible slime. Edible Slime Ingredients 14 oz. can of  sweetened condensed milk1 tablespoon of cornstarchfood coloring (or you could add a little unsweetened powdered drink mix)couple of drops vanilla or other flavoring, if desired Make the Edible Slime In a saucepan over low heat, stir together the milk and cornstarch. Stir and heat until the mixture thickens. Remove from heat.Stir in the coloring and any flavorings. Allow the slime to cool.Enjoy! When you are finished playing with this slime, store it in a sealed plastic bag in the refrigerator. Refrigerated slime is good for a day or two. You can clean up the edible slime with warm soapy water. If you added food coloring or drink mix, keep the slime away from surfaces which could be colored, such as carpet or upholstery.

Break Dancing

Being a disc jockey or better knows as a D], dance is apart of my Job. Seeing all types of dance to all types of music every day of my life. I have probably seen It all, thats why It Is hard for me to talk so passionately about one single dance clip when I have seen so much, until I saw this http://www. Youth. Com/watch? V=7KZgCJDQQPM. This video contains the dancing of one of the best b-borers also knows as break-dancers in the entire world. He is voted number one in Korea for break dancing.Break Nanning Is a combination of a D], hip-hop, beat boxing, and of course dancing. It Is a six step performance leading Into a power move then finally a freeze, a moment when the dancer completely stops moving holding a difficult position. It started in New-York and grew up mainly around hip-hop. Break dancing spread quickly to Korea and Japan in the eighties but became popular in the early nineties. The reason this specific video of break dancing stands out so much Is because of the music he Is dancing to and because it keeps his cultural background while bringing in new and citing feeling to the dance.Music drives us all, weather it be through our day, through hard times, or good times. The incorporation of Johann Bachelors, Canon in D, the extremely popular classical song, with a Korean folk song sends a chill down my spine. The most significant moment to me in the video is at one minute and forty eight seconds when the music calms down and the beat boxing stops, all you hear is the traditional Korean instruments in the background and see a freeze by the dancer that looks nearly Impossible.The dancer Is balancing his entire body on his hand sideways for the ;freeze portion of the six step dance. Since this Is a type of dancing created in the streets by people on the streets, the dancer has just that look. He is wearing what looks to be older sneakers, baggy pants, and a black tank top. Even though the video Is professional the choreographer made sure it did not lose the originality of the dance. The room Is dark, with one light shining down In the middle and what looks to be two T. V screens in the back with musicians playing the music he s starting to dance to.As the video camera moves throughout the room you see different television screens hanging from the roof each with a different shot of the disc Jockey and the beat boxer In the clip. When the moment that stood out most to me comes around we see he does his freeze with the same television screens that we saw in the beginning of the video with the instruments in the back except this time he is holding a difficult pose. The lighting still dim with one light down the middle where the dancer takes his place to show his Intense skills.We see the dancer evolve more and more while his surrounding still remaining the same. The second more interesting moment in the video was from thirty three seconds to forty-two seconds. In the television screen we see the Dc scratching his disks while in the distant screen on the roof we see the beat boxer In his red Jersey while In the middle of it all the professional break dancer Is dancing on his hands upside-down. Then he Is 1 OFF where the light is not passing his boundaries, flowing from one dance move to the next making it look effortless.He does not stop his arms and legs except for the power moves, his body bending to its full potential, and breaking the rules of gravity. The feeling I was getting while watching the dancer was something else. We see dancers putting in all their efforts when in a competition of some sort. This dancer was different the energy put into the dance looks like it is in front of thousands of people, when in reality he is alone in the room, it throws off the viewer in a sense that they automatically realize there is something different about this video.The entire died was recurring in a sense as in the way the video flowed, but when it came down to it the dance moves they stood out because they were all different. The beat boxer was doing exactly the same thing every time he appeared, the DC was constantly doing the same thing scratching the disks when he came up on the television screens in the background. That is what made the dancer stick out more and more, his clothes were exactly the same the entire video. It is obvious the choreographer wants to emphasize the dance moves to the viewer and of course the music that goes hand n hand with every move he does.In conclusion we see the cultural bac kground of this video mixed with modern day styles of clothing, dance, and music. It releases a euphoric feeling throughout my body seeing the dance while hearing the classical song Canon in D played with instruments of the cultural background of the dancer. The choreographer wanted to make sure the audience really saw the dance for what it was by not getting fancy with additional buffs, yet did not threaten the creativity of the video.

Self-Determination & Nationalist Movements in the Age of the Cold War Essay

Self-Determination & Nationalist Movements in the Age of the Cold War - Essay Example   By reviewing the historical data, it is eminent that most of the countries from the East Asian region are largely affected by the World War II. The impact of World War II has also been fruitful, considering the fact that most of the East Asian nations received independence. Despite this, the newly independent nations and territories have also experienced considerable problems, as these nations are unable to receive any support from other nations. There are large numbers of countries belonging to the East Asian region such as Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore and Vietnam those had received its independence immediately after the World War II.Since, after the World War II those aforementioned countries that experienced tremendous issues relating to political turmoil, ethnic strife, social inequities and weaker economic condition in composition to the Western nations. Vietnam has also experienced similar issues to a considerable extent. It is worth mentioning that prior to the c ommencement of World War II, Vietnam was noted to be under the control of France. During the 19th century, French has arrived in the Indo-China region and intended to establish their colonial state within that particular area. Prior to the outbreak of World War II, France ruled Vietnam as its Kingship country. During the Second World War, Vietnam has been facing numerous problems including poverty, illiteracy, health issues and invaders, which had become a major barrier in the process of the nation’s overall development.

Survey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Survey - Essay Example This was done because the illiteracy level of this area has been very high. This method will help in collecting personal information even among the disadvantage group. Target age group socio-demographic profile: Onkaparinga is located south of Adelaide CBD. It covers an area of 518km2 with a population of 153,496 (2004). 22% of the city's population is aged 15 years or lower, hence the city's age structure can be classified as young when compared with Adelaide Statistics Division (ASD). In addition, according to the data available, the city of Onkaparinga's population aged 15-19 comprises 8 % of the city's total population, which, when numerically presented, is 11,500. Detailed demographic, economic, time use, labor force participation, asset ownership, and expenditure data will be collected using a simple questionnaire. As the illiteracy is higher Ongaparinga region responses are expected from direct questions and secondary level information. In the health section, details about availability of nutritious foods, food habits of locals, availability of medical facilities, curative care and illness information with association with local organizations. The responses will be taken from selected local people, who have knowledge about the needs and thorough understanding on the community.

The ruling of the U. S. Supreme Court Essay Example for Free

The ruling of the U. S. Supreme Court Essay The ruling of the U. S. Supreme Court in Beth Ann Faragher v. City of Boca Raton, 524 U. S. 775 (1998) laid down precedent on the application of the Civil Rights Law as it addressed a woman’s quest for justice. Having accused and proved her two supervisors liable for sexual harassment, Faragher appealed the lower court’s ruling exculpating the City from liability. The decision, penned by Justice Souter, delved at length on the theories propounded on the case and sought to define the parameters by which an employer may prove non-liability. This study will be confined to a discussion of the material facts and issues vis-a-vis the liability of the respondent employer insofar as it touches upon the reasonable care doctrine, reasonable person standard, and reasonable victim standard. The facts of the case narrated herein are taken from the Supreme Court decision. A college student, Beth Ann Faragher worked part-time as lifeguard for the Marine Safety Section of the Parks and Recreation Department of the City of Boca Raton, Florida between the years 1985 and 1990. She was under the immediate supervision of Bill Terry, David Silverman, and Robert Gordon. During the hours of work, Terry and Silverman subjected Faragher and the other female lifeguards to acts of sexual harassment. Faragher complained to no one, although she did mention it to Gordon whom she respected, but he did nothing. Two months before Faragher resigned, a female lifeguard formerly employed by the City wrote the City Personnel Director complaining that she and her co-workers had been harassed by Terry and Silverman. The City ordered a probe and upon finding the two guilty of improper behavior, reprimanded them and made them choose between suspension without pay or forfeiture of annual leave benefits. Faragher resigned in June 1990. In 1992, she brought an action before the U. S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida against Terry and Silverman alleging that they created a â€Å"sexually hostile atmosphere† at work which amounted to a violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Law. She likewise impleaded the City on the ground of its agency relationship with the two men. (Faragher, 1-2) Faragher alleged that Terry and Silverman subjected her and the other female lifeguards to â€Å"uninvited and offensive touching†, lewd remarks, and language offensive to women. She told the Court about Terry’s alleged statement that he would never promote a woman to the rank of lieutenant. Silverman, on the other hand, allegedly asked her either to date him or clean the toilets for a year. It was established that Terry could hire personnel(subject to approval by higher management) counsel or orally reprimand subordinates and have the same recorded. Lifeguards and their supervisors observed a paramilitary chain of command: the former reported to the lieutenants and captains who in turn reported to Terry. The latter was under the supervision of the Recreation Superintendent who reported to the Director of Parks and Recreation who answered to the City Manager. (Faragher, 2) The City had adopted a policy on sexual harassment which the City Manager disseminated to employees by memorandum. This was revised in May 1990 while Faragher was still in the service but it did not reach the employees of the Marine Safety Section, thus, the respondent supervisors and many lifeguards were not aware of it. (Faragher, 2) The District Court ruled in favor of Faragher, concluding that Terry and Silverman were guilty of harassment that altered the conditions of their employment, resulting in an abusive working environment. Likewise, it found the City liable on three grounds. First, the City was deemed aware of the harassment because of its pervasiveness. Second, the City was liable under the principle of agency, i. e. , the act of the agent is the act of the principal. Third, Gordon’s knowledge of the harassment and his inaction was a further basis to impute liability to the City. (Faragher, 3-4) The District Court’s decision insofar as the City is concerned was reversed on appeal. The Court of Appeals of the Eleventh Circuit, through a panel of justices, ruled that the City could not be held liable on the basis of the agency principle, that Terry and Sullivan did not act within the scope of their employment when they committed the acts complained of, nor did the City have constructive knowledge thereof. The Court of Appeals sitting en banc adopted the conclusion of the panel. Its ruling was based on an earlier decision of the Court of Appeals in Meritor Savings Bank, FSB v. Vinson, 477 U. S. 57 (1986). In that case, the Court found three conditions under which an employer may be held indirectly liable for hostile environment sexual harassment by a superior: â€Å"(1) if the harassment occurs within the scope of the superior’s employment; (2) if the employer assigns performance of a nondelegable duty to a supervisor and an employee is injured because of the supervisor’s failure to carry out that duty; or (3) if there is an agency relationship which aids the supervisor’s ability or opportunity to harass his subordinate. † (Meritor, 6). As to the first, the Appeals Court held that the acts of the supervisors were â€Å"frolic†: unrelated to their duties and were done for their own personal ends. As to the second, it was ruled that the mere existence of an agency relationship between the supervisors and the City did not give rise to liability on the latter’s part as there was no showing that such relationship assisted them in perpetrating their acts. As to the third, the Court found no constructive knowledge on the part of the City as regards the harassment. In fine, the Supreme Court disregarded the arguments of the Court of Appeals and found in favor of Faragher. (Faragher, 5) As argued by the District Court, the act of the agent is presumed the act of the principal. In applying this rule the District court held that â€Å"an employer is strictly liable for a hostile environment created by a supervisor’s sexual advances, even though the employer neither knew nor reasonably could have known of the alleged misconduct. † This automatic liability rule is challenged by those who claimed that constructive knowledge may be substituted for direct knowledge. For example, a supervisor who makes decisions that tend to affect the economic status of an employee is deemed a proxy of the employer which makes the latter liable thereon. Also, personnel actions of a supervisor like promoting, firing, hiring and the like which discriminate against employees would make his employer vicariously liable for those acts. In a sense, a supervisor is considered always assisted by the employer by virtue of his superior position in the workplace. A co-worker may easily brush off the sexual advances of an equal; not so with a supervisor. Thus, Faragher contended` that the power held by Terry and Silverman over her enabled them to carry on their harassment with impunity. Some courts were of the view that some standards were needed in those cases where there is no clear showing that the employer had knowledge, constructive or otherwise, of the harassment committed by his supervisors. In Faragher, it was evident that the City could not have aware of the intermittent sexual abuse committed by Terry and Sullivan. Gordon did not inform any of his superiors about Faragher’s problem. (2). Moreover, the City through the Personnel Director had issued a memorandum informing employees about the procedures to bring their complaint against any sexual harassment. Faragher had informed Gordon about her plight, albeit in an informal way. (Faragher, 2) Was the City liable? Meritor laid down the ruling that neither â€Å"the existence of a company grievance procedure nor the absence of actual notice of the harassment on the part of upper management would be dispositive of such a claim; while neither might be relevant to the liability, neither would result automatically in employer immunity. † (6). The Court further stated that the absence of notice to employer did not necessarily insulate that employer from liability. However, it declined to give a definitive rule on employee liability ( 7). Vicarious liability is supported by the view that employers generally derive benefit from the service of their supervisors; thus they should bear the risk of any wrong arising from their employment. The employer should likewise answer for any damage sustained by a common employee on the principle that the latter worked for the employer’s benefit; consequently, the employer must assume such risks on the basis of equity and fairness. Notwithstanding these views, it was held in Faragher that one more condition was needed to satisfy the evidentiary requirement for a finding of vicarious liability. Two alternatives were given by the Court: â€Å"(1) require proof of some affirmative invocation of supervisory authority by the harassing supervisor, or (2) recognize an affirmative defense to liability in some circumstances, even when a supervisor has created the actionable environment. †(Faragher, 16) The first alternative, as the Court itself admits, may be impractical in most instances since no supervisor is presumed foolhardy enough to court harassment suits by announcing his threats. As to the second, the employer is afforded the opportunity to prove that he â€Å"had exercised reasonable care to avoid harassment and to eliminate it when it might occur, and that the complaining employee had failed to act with like reasonable care to take advantage of the employer’s safeguards and otherwise to prevent harm that could have been avoided. † To invoke this defense, the employer must show that he had taken reasonable care or exercised foresight to prevent sexual harassment in the premises, knowing by human experience that such incidents are likely to occur, as in this case where the men held sway over the women by reason of their superior position. This affirmative defense has two elements: â€Å"(1) that the employer exercised reasonable care to prevent and correct promptly any sexually harassing behavior, and (2) that the plaintiff employee unreasonably failed to take advantage of any preventive or corrective opportunities provided by the employer or to avoid harm otherwise. †(Faragher, 18). The doctrine of reasonable care mandates that every person shall conduct his affairs towards his fellowmen with sufficient care as any reasonable person would do in any given circumstance, failing in which, he may be held liable for any injury that may be sustained by others so affected by his actions. What is â€Å"reasonable† is a question of fact most often left to the judgment of the courts. This principle is akin to that of tort law which governs the liability of masters over the acts of their servants. It adopts the applicable principles of common law and those governing quasi-delict which impute liability to the employer for the negligence of his employees, the vehicle owner to the driver, the master of the household to the helper. The owner of a vehicle, for example, becomes the defendant in a civil action for damages if his driver inflicts damage to a third party. His defense would be that he exercised due diligence in hiring his driver, such as requiring him to show proof that he had not been in any accident and had no derogatory record on matters of driving. According to Wikipedia, â€Å"the reasonable man or reasonable person standard is a legal fiction that originated in the development of the common law. The reasonable person is a hypothetical individual whose view of things is consulted in the process of making decisions of law. †(no indicated page) Minnesota adds: â€Å"Besides being an objective standard, the ‘reasonable person’ standard is an adult standard. †(home page). The reasonable person standard applies as well to the purported victim. The victim must prove he or she was not remiss in doing what a reasonable person would have done in his or her place. By analogy, in criminal law, rape victims must prove they put up sufficient defense to prove that the sexual act was committed forcibly against their will. The reasonable victim standard is that applied in the case of the person wronged. Faragher did not avail herself of the grievance procedure prescribed by the City as mandated by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission(EEOC), as she â€Å"was completely isolated from the City’s higher management† during the period of harassment. (Faragher, 19). The term â€Å"reasonable victim† may have evolved from the realization that in determining what constitutes a reasonable person standard, gender must be taken into account. According to Hamilton, the term â€Å"reasonable woman† was used when a Florida District Court, ruling in Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards, Inc. called for a â€Å"sexually hostile work environment† to be evaluated through the eyes of a â€Å"reasonable woman. † Years later, the U. S. Supreme Court used a â€Å"reasonable person† standard in deciding Harris v. Forklift Systems, Inc. (2) According to Alexander: Applying the ‘reasonable victim’ standard not only helps plaintiffs, but also helps the justice system as a whole by defeating societal stereotypes perpetuated by the application of the â€Å"reasonable person† standard. By allowing defendant employers to claim an affirmative defense to the sexual harassment claims of their employees, the court would help protect cautious, law-abiding employees from frivolous claims. The second prong of the defense would require employees to report sexually harassing conduct to their employers promptly, and at the same time, require employers to eliminate harassing conduct in the workplace swiftly or risk discipline in court. (home page). Faragher is a landmark decision in that it gave the definitive rule to determine employer liability not given by the Court in Meritor. The problem of sexual harassment may never be eradicated, human beings being as they are, but a concerned employer with forethought, through a competent human resource department, may considerably reduce its occurrence at the workplace. From Faragher, human resource departments should take cognizance of the importance of constant meaningful dialogues between and among employers and their personnel workers and supervisors alike to immediately stop whatever harassment are being committed against members of either sex. Finally, a continuing education program aimed at removing gender bias and sexual prejudice, encouraging victims to speak out and assert their rights or seek redress before the proper forum, combined with the continuous monitoring of workplaces and giving employees reasonable access to legal assistance, are positive steps towards this end. WORKS CITED Alexander, Kamla, â€Å"A Modest Proposal: The Reasonable Victim Standard and Alaska Employers’ Affirmative Defense to Vicarious Liability for Sexual Harassment†. Alaska Law Review. Cited 17 Alaska L. Rev. 297 http://www. law. duke. edu/journals/alr/ Alexander Hamilton Institute Inc. , â€Å"A Legal Look at the ‘Reasonable Victim’ Standard† Personnel Legal Alert. August 2, 2004, Vol. 16, No. 5 http://www. ahipubs. com/samples/08-02-04pla. pdf. Meritor Savings Bank, FSB v. Vinson 477 U. S. 57 http://caselaw. lp. findlaw. com Minnesota Office of Citizenship and Volunteer Services, â€Å"Planning It Safe: How to Control Liability and Risk in Volunteer Programs, Revised Edition. 1998 http://www. energizeinc. com. art/html Supreme Court of the United States, â€Å"Beth Ann Faragher v. City of Boca Raton† 524 U. S. 775 http://www. national center. org/FaraghervBocaRaton. 98. html Wikipedia, â€Å"Reasonable Person Standard† http://en. wikipedia. org

1876 Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia Essays -- Architecture Hist

Centennial Exhibition, Philadelphia 1876 Opening day of the 1876 Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia was a spectacular festival of flags, music, and a one-hundred gun salute. After President Grant gave his opening address, the signal was given to unfurl and raise every flag and insignia simultaneously on the entire fairground. A chorus of one thousand began to sing, accompanied by an orchestra and chimes, and the barrage of one hundred rifles symbolized a century of independence for the United States of America (McCabe). This was the first major international world's fair in North America, and while many foreigners argued the United States did not have anything to show, the country shone through displaying its growth into a major industrial power. Philadelphia, the location of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, was chosen as the site for the fair. Its central location also played in its favor. The Building Committee hired twenty-seven year-old H. J. Schwarzmann as chief engineer. He not only planned the layout of the grounds, but also designed Memorial and Horticultural Halls, the two structures intended to be permanent. The fairgrounds were about two miles north-west from the center of Philadelphia, across the Schuylkill River in a portion of Fairmount Park. One of the world's largest municipal parks, it was devised in 1682 by the founder of Pennsylvania, William Penn. As he was navigating the Schuylkill River, Penn noticed a grand bluff and exclaimed, "What a faire mount!" (Klein). The natural park-like setting, and the proximity to colonial Philadelphia, created a unique atmosphere for the fair. The two artifacts depicted here are a bird's eye view showing the main buildings of the exhibition, and a map ... ... system, and public services. On the last day of the Exhibition, John Welsh, the president of the Centennial Board of Finance, said good-bye: "Our work has its place in the annals of the nation. If the memories of it be pleasant to our countrymen, we have done well." (Maass). Looking back at the exhibition's accomplishments, it is fair to say they did well. Works Cited Armstrong, Lilian. Renaissance Miniature Painters and Classical Imagery. Harvey Miller Publishers. London, England. 1981. Klein, Esther M. Fairmount Park. Harcum Junior College Press. Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. 1974. McCabe, James D. The Illustrated History of the Centennial Exhibition. The National Publishing Company. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 1975 Post, Robert C. 1876: A Centennial Exhibition. The National Museum of History and Technology Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. 1976.

Apple iPhones – Not “Made in America”

What is meant by the globalization of human capital? Is this inevitable as firms increase their global operations? The globalization of human capital refers to the fact that employees are now spread out across the world by their employers. This including, the companies, employed, unemployed, stockholders, consumers, contractors, supply chain, firms and economies. Companies branch out because labor costs are cheaper and productivity is faster.It is inevitable if firms increase their global operations because every country has something different to offer, something new, and without the current innovation being promoted to the market, the company will start to lose its edge on competition. How does this case illustrate the threats and opportunities facing global companies in developing their strategies? Cost and Human Capital is the most important consideration for Global Companies. When President Obama’s inquired about Apple brining the job back to US, it was practically not po ssible for Apple.The break down in the case study was that it cost a total of $179 to produce an IPhone and it retailed at $500 leaving a profit of $321. This would mean more profit for the global company. For Global company price and profit is the most important consideration to stay competitive. They can use the cheap labor in other countries to be price competitive This gave the perception that Apple did not care about its country. It also gives the perception of greed which a global company can face. 3. Comment on the Apple executive's assertion that the company's only obligation is making the best product possible.â€Å"We don't have an obligation to solve America's problems. † All though it is a harsh comment but I think it makes sense. Apple is a Global company with its offices around the world. It is in business to make money. It is not possible for Apple to solve America’s problem. Apple is just trying to be the best company out there in order to be on top wit h innovation and success. It is not Apple’s responsibility to solve America’s problems with employment; their responsibility is to form the best product. 4. Who are the stakeholders in this situation and what, if any, obligations do they have?There are two stakeholders in this situation and they are: the companies Apple and Foxconn as well as the Chinese government. Apple has obligations to their employees both domestic and global. They need to be mindful that a corporation is only as good as its products as well as, its image. They need to be mindful that since its headquarters are in the United States, it should do all that it can to maintain a positive image. It is also important to make sure that the products they sell are quality products while keeping the price as low as possible. Foxconn has a stake in its people and the products they export.The unfair and inhumane working conditions forced the government to step in. Foxconn also needs to be mindful of the issue s presented previously for Apple (the difference they are headquartered in China). The fact that labor violations were taking place, China’s government had an obligations to its people. They need to protect their citizens from hazardous work conditions and hold Foxconn accountable for their actions. 5. How much extra are you prepared to pay for an IPhone if assembled in the United States? Personally I feel that the IPhone is already over price as is. The fact that they make $321 of profit off each phone is ridiculous.If the phone is fully assembled in the United State I do not feel the price of the phone should increase at all. There are many products that are specifically made in America that cost the same amount as their global counterparts. Clothes are an example, all things being equal, a t-shirt made overseas cost relatively the same as a t-shirt made in the US. Why should an IPhone be any different? I feel that although the profit from each phone would be decreased, the y would sell the same amount of phones if not more. 6. How much extra are you prepared to pay for an IPhone assembled in China but under better labor conditions or pay?What kind of trade-off would you make? This also deals with the question previously asked. I have not changed my stance on IPhone; however, if they were to charge more to have it assembled in China, why couldn’t or wouldn’t they just produce it in America. It would not make sense if they had to increase cost to better working conditions in another country. I believe it would be cheaper to bring some of the laborers here to the US and open a plant here. 7. To what extent do you think the negative media coverage has affected Apple’s recent decision to ask the FLA to do an assessment and the subsequent decision by Foxconn to raise some salaries?What do you think will happen now? I believe that the negative media coverage has inspired Apple to be more cautious about their corporate image. Subsequently , it affected their way of thinking so that they had to ask for an FLA assessment. They could ill-afford to continue to be seen in a negative light and heartless. They already stated that â€Å"They don’t have an obligation to solve America’s problems, only to make the best product possible†, after the unfair working conditions and labor violations were discovered it only added to the idea that the company was greedy and didn’t care about their employees.Foxconn took pride in being one of the country’s most effective and efficient manufacturers. It could not allow the perception that they were running a â€Å"sweat shop† in which their employees were working 60 hours a week for little pay. The employee suicides did not help company’s image. They had to raise some salaries in order to save face in the public eye. Also, both companies had to show that although mistakes happened, once they were discovered they were fixed quickly. I belie ve now that the story is out they will have many follow up inspections to insure that both companies never come under scrutiny again.

Themes from Robinson Crusoe

Themes from Robinson Crusoe One theme from the novel Robinson Crusoe is that one should follow their dreams and go for what they want, even if others do not think that it is the right thing to do. Robinson Cruse's father really wanted him to be a lawyer, but Robinsons dream was to go out to sea. At first he wanted to make his father happy and was willing to do what he said, but then he realized Just how unhappy he himself would be if he did not become a sailor. So he did what he thought was right, and even though there ere many hard times, he got through them all because he knew he was doing exactly what he wanted to do.Another theme from this novel is that you should have persistence, and to never give up on yourself, even in the toughest times. Robinson Crusoe faced many hardships out at sea, and his family was not even around to help him out. But he put on a brave face and handled the problems as well as he could, and everything turned out okay. If Robinson had chosen the life of a lawyer, as his father had wished, he might have been in danger a lot less often, but e would never have known what it was like to follow his heart.I believe that Robinson Crusoe did the right thing, choosing the option that would make him happy instead of his family. Your family can be there to help guide you through life, but ultimately, it will have to be you who decides what you want to do. Robinson Crusoe is a very exciting book with many unexpected twists and turns. Robinson has many adventures, and even though he runs into trouble more often than not, he is a great character who can deal with his problems courageously.

At First Sight essays

At First Sight essays Based on a true story At First Sight reveals the triumphs and tribulations of falling in love with a blind person. Amy (Mira Sorvino) is a hard working, New York architect who is desperately in need of a relaxing vacation. While on vacation she meets and falls in love with Virgil Adamson (Val Kilmer), a seductive massage therapist. After being swept away with his massage, she discovers he is blind. Although Virgil is content with being blind, Amy convinces him to under go experimental eye surgery. Following the surgery Virgil is able to see for the first time since he was three. However, they discover it reveals a much larger challenge, sight association. Virgil is confronted with the fact that even though he can physically see, he does not realize what he is seeing without feeling it first. While dealing with this challenge they discover that his sight is temporary and he will eventually be totally blind again. At First Sight starts out as a love story, but ends up being more about Virgils challenges. Even though I enjoyed this movie very much, I would have enjoyed it more had they focused on either the love story or his challenges. If you dont know most of the medical terms they use you will be easily confused. Val Kilmer is very convincing in his role of a blind man. He makes you feel very grateful for what we take for granted every day. If you have a soft heart, like I do, for "glamorized" movies then you will surely enjoy this movie. ...

Handwriting As A Means Of People Communicate Essay

Handwriting As A Means Of People Communicate - Essay Example Most people have ignored the subject of handwriting because it does not seem to be important. However, the author of this reading highlights his observations especially among children and how they value good handwriting. He considers the fact that although print media has taken effect in the modern world; writing remains to be a significant factor. It is also interesting how the author emphasizes the fact that practice makes perfect. This implies that with regular practice, those with poor handwriting can improve their skills. What is surprising about this reading is that the author does not fully explain how grownups can enhance their handwriting. Instead, it concentrates on how different writing skills can be used artistically. Another problem with this reading is that it focuses entirely on the Chinese people. It would be better if global comparisons across different cultures would be made. When I take a look at this reading, I ask myself whether indeed a person’s handwriti ng could be a reflection of the individual’s personality. This is because the author points out that bodily movement can be a reflection of thoughts. Another question is whether handwritings are translated differently or rather have different meanings in different cultures. I, however, think that the answer to this question is difficult to gauge since handwriting is simply the connection, pressure, size, and spacing of words. These factors have no elements of culture in them. This reading relates to other readings for the course in terms of highlighting different social elements and how they define the human nature. For instance, the author of this article uses handwriting as a social element to define human characteristics associated with the element such as personal order. This reading relates to my personal experiences in various ways.

Informative report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Informative report - Assignment Example The requirements including applicants’ eligibility, whether all application materials were turned in by the deadline, whether the applicant achieves the minimum standard scores on all evaluations and importantly whether he/she displays positive behavior, attitude as well as commitment to completing the college program. (Gateway to College). FRCC office also offers financial aid to the students to pay their tuition and other fees. To get that aid, the students need to have certain eligibility conditions. Apart from being a U.S. citizen or a U.S. permanent resident, they have to be classified as a Colorado resident as well. In addition, they need to have high school diploma, or pass the ACCUPLACER test. Importantly, they should have a â€Å"good standing in accordance with Front Range Community College’s Satisfactory Academic Progress policy.† (Financial Aid) Choosing a career is one of the most crucial decisions that will be taken by the students in their lives. To aid in taking that crucial decision, FRCC has in-house career counselors, who can aid the students. So, the students can schedule an appointment with these counselors, who will surely aid them in exploring various options and then focusing on one. There are also career assessment tools or softwares, which can aid the students in selecting their